How Does Sunscreen Work? Understanding Sun Protection
No matter how old you are, sunscreen is something you’ll have been aware of throughout your life. It’s what allows us all to spend enjoyable days in the sun without having to worry about getting burned, but have you ever wondered to yourself – How does sunscreen work?
Many people use the product on a regular basis despite not being fully aware of how it actually provides protection. Of course, you don’t technically need to know how it works to enjoy the protection it offers, but it will help you to make wise decisions about the products you buy.
So, let’s dive into how these sunscreens work and what makes them effective.
How Does Sunscreen Work? That Depends On Which Type
When trying to answer the question of ‘how does sunscreen work?’, you have to bear in mind that there is more than one type to consider. Both mineral and chemical sunscreens are widely used around the world, with each providing sun protection in a different way. So, let’s take a look at each one separately.
Mineral Sunscreens Reflect UV Rays Away
Mineral sunscreens (a.k.a physical sunscreens) work by creating a protective layer on the skin that reflects UV rays away from the skin’s surface. The active ingredient in these sunscreens is typically zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, both of which are naturally occurring minerals.
How It Works: When applied to the skin, mineral sunscreens sit on the surface and act like tiny mirrors, bouncing UV rays away from the skin. This immediate protection begins as soon as the sunscreen is applied, making it ideal for those who need quick sun defense.
Who They’re Best For: Mineral sunscreens are often recommended for individuals with sensitive skin, as they’re very gentle and much less likely to cause irritation or allergic reactions. They are also a go-to choice for children and babies.
Any Downsides? While mineral sunscreens provide effective sun protection, one downside of some brands is their thicker, sometimes chalky consistency, which may leave a visible white cast on the skin. Recent innovations in the industry, however, have led to the creation of more sheer formulations that go on invisible, even on darker skin tones.
Chemical Sunscreens Absorb UV Rays
Chemical sunscreens work differently. These formulas use compounds such as avobenzone, oxybenzone, and octinoxate to absorb UV rays and convert them into heat, which is then released from the skin. One thing to consider in this case is the fact that these chemicals are known to be harmful to the environment – which is not the case with zinc oxide.
How It Works: When UV rays hit the skin, the chemicals in the sunscreen filter out radiation before it can penetrate deeper layers. This prevents damage to skin cells. Chemical sunscreens require about 15 to 20 minutes to become effective after application, as they need time to bond with the skin.
Best For: People who prefer lightweight sunscreens, don’t mind waiting 20 minutes to go out into the sun and have no interest in the potential ecological disadvantages.
Any Downsides? Aside from the previously mentioned environmental concerns, chemical sunscreens often contain fragrances and other chemicals that can irritate the skin. Combine that with needing to be absorbed and you can see that it’s not the gentlest choice.
How Does Sunscreen Work? Filtering Or Reflection
Sunscreen is your first line of defense against UV radiation, no matter if you choose mineral or chemical products. However, as we’ve seen here, the two work in very different ways. One filters UV rays out after being absorbed while the other acts as a reflective barrier.
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By understanding how these sunscreens do their work, you can make better decisions that allow you to protect your skin in the most effective and gentle way possible.
